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Lignosulfonate Characterisation
1.Lignosulfonate Manufacturing process Lignosulphonate is produced from the sulphite pulping of lignocellulosic biomasses. The cellulose rich fibres are delignified with sulphite or bisulphite, depending on the operational pH. One of the main reactions during sulphite pulping is the sulphonation of lignin, which renders the lignin molecules water soluble. After completion of the pulping, the non-soluble…
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Lignosulphonates use as additives in feedingstuffs of animals
1. Introduction Lignosulphonates are currently authorised for use as technological additives (functional groups: binders, anti-caking agents and coagulants) in feedingstuffs for all species and categories of animals, with no maximum feed inclusion limit, and without a time limit, and foreseen for re-evaluation according to the provisions set in Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003. The applicant is…
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Lignosulfonate used as animal feed pellet binder
Lignosulphonates are amorphous branched polymers of lignin, containing sulphonated covalently linked phenyl propane monomers, produced from the sulphite pulping of lignocellulosic biomasses. The calcium lignosulphonate, sodium lignosulphonate and magnesium lignosulphonate under assessment are considered together under the term lignosulphonate. Lignosulphonate is safe for chickens for fattening, laying hens, pigs for fattening and cattle for fattening…
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Sodium lignosulfonate water-reducing agent
Sodium lignosulfonate water-reducing agent by using pulping black liquor, which has the following preparation technological steps: after the thin pulping black liquor is concentrated into dark black liquor of which the solid content is from 30 to 60% by a concentrator, the dark black liquor is pumped into a reactor, and the pH value of…
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Separation of lignosulfonates from sulfite spent liquor
The spent liquor of the sulfite pulping process is dilute and contains other impurities; therefore, lignosulfonates should be separated from the spent liquor for increased commercial value. Because lignosulfonates are water-soluble products, they may not be precipitated by acidifying the spent liquor. Membrane filtration has been recognized as a commercial process for recovering lignosulfonates from…
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Sulfonated lignin from kraft black liquor
The sulfite pulping process has many environmental issues, and thus, only a small portion of market pulp (less than 10%, roughly 7 million tons) is produced by the sulfite pulping process. In contrast, the kraft process is widely practiced to produce market pulp of better quality.As such, sulfonated lignin-based products from kraft lignin can be…
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Lignin and Lignosulfonate Relation
Lignin is the largest reservoir of aromatic compounds on earthand has great potential to be used in many industrial applications. Alternative methods to produce lignosulfonates from spent sulfite pulping liquors and kraft lignin from black liquor of kraft pulping process are critically reviewed herein. Furthermore, options to increase the sulfonate contents of lignin based products…
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Lignosulfonate function to construction admixture
Compressive strength The compression strength characterized using a manual device and a more sophisticated device showed different results even though the trend is similar (Fig. 7). Flexural strength results are better measurements and distinguishable when a more sensitive sensor is used at 3, 7, and 28 days.Compressive strength properties are similar to the flexural strength…
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Lignin and Lignosulfonate
Lignosulfonates or sulfonated lignin are water-soluble anionic polyelectrolyte polymers: they are byproducts from the production of wood pulp using sulfite pulping. Most delignification in sulfite pulping involves acidic cleavage of ether bonds, which connect many of the constituents of lignin. The electrophilic carbocations produced during ether cleavage react with bisulfite ions (HSO3−) to give sulfonates.R-O-R’ + H+ → R+ + R’OHR+ + HSO3− → R-SO3H. The primary site for ether cleavage is the…
